{"id":41887,"date":"2024-03-07T08:10:31","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T04:10:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=41887"},"modified":"2024-03-07T09:36:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T05:36:58","slug":"meshur-kitabxanaci-qadinlar-ve-qadin-kitabxanalari-s%c9%99yyar%c9%99-memmedova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=41887","title":{"rendered":"M\u018f\u015eHUR K\u0130TABXANA\u00c7I QADINLAR V\u018f QADIN K\u0130TABXANALARI – S\u0259yyar\u0259 M\u018fMM\u018fDOVA"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u018f\u015eHUR K\u0130TABXANA\u00c7I QADINLAR V\u018f QADIN K\u0130TABXANALARI – S\u0259yyar\u0259 M\u018fMM\u018fDOVA<\/span><\/p>\n

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“\u0130NFONEWS”<\/strong><\/span><\/a> t\u0259qdim edir:<\/p>\n

TAR\u0130XD\u018f QALAN M\u018f\u015eHUR K\u0130TABXANA\u00c7I QADINLAR V\u018f QADIN K\u0130TABXANALARI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c8 mart \u2013 Beyn\u0259lxalq Qad\u0131nlar g\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk kitabxanalar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda rolu m\u00f6vzusuna toxunma\u011f\u0131m\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi bu \u0259d\u0259bi-m\u0259d\u0259ni tikilil\u0259rin tarix\u0259n ki\u015fil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsus sah\u0259 olmas\u0131 fikridir. Bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 Avropada \u0259ks\u0259r aliml\u0259r v\u0259 tarix h\u0259v\u0259skarlar\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yer tutan, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri olan ki\u015fi cinsinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259xsus kitabxanalardan h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Do\u011frudur, ilk kitabxanalar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n, kitablar\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 dominant rol oynayan ki\u015fil\u0259r olmu\u015fdur. Lakin qad\u0131n kitabxanalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rark\u0259n m\u0259lum olur ki, ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131 idar\u0259 ed\u0259n qad\u0131nlar h\u0259m d\u0259 dolay\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259min kolleksiyalar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u0259sas rol oynam\u0131\u015flar. Bu kitablar\u0131n \u0259n az\u0131 25 faizi qad\u0131nlara g\u00f6r\u0259 kitabxanan\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdir. Qad\u0131nlar daima \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 kitab al\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, bu kitablar n\u0259hay\u0259tind\u0259 ail\u0259 kitabxanalar\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilirdi. Burada qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u0259diyy\u0259 ald\u0131qlar\u0131 kitablar\u0131 da x\u00fcsusi qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. M\u0259lumdur ki, orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 qad\u0131nlar kitab h\u0259diyy\u0259 alma\u011f\u0131\u00a0 v\u0259 h\u0259diyy\u0259 etm\u0259yi \u00e7ox xo\u015flay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Ad\u0259t\u0259n bu m\u00fcbadil\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ail\u0259 daxilind\u0259ki ki\u015fil\u0259r x\u00fcsusi rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar, ancaq he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yox. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, n\u00fcmun\u0259 kimi qrafinya Qabriella de la Tur d\u2032Auvergnenin (Burbon ail\u0259sinin g\u0259nc n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si) XV \u0259srin ortalar\u0131na aid \u201cKleriad v\u0259 Meliadisa\u201d roman\u0131n\u0131n sur\u0259tini qarda\u015f\u0131 q\u0131zlar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 h\u0259diyy\u0259 etm\u0259sini misal g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259rik.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, q\u0259tiyy\u0259tl\u0259 dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, tarixd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox kitabxanalar\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u0259hz z\u0259if cinsin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri qal\u0131c\u0131 iz qoymu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan biri b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 birincisi yunan \u0259silli qad\u0131n alim, filosof, riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131, astronom – \u0130patiyad\u0131r (350-415). O, atas\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 q\u0259dim \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259 Kitabxanas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259yirdi. \u0130patiyan\u0131n atas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 idi.\u00a0 \u0130patiya kitablara v\u0259 elm\u0259 \u00e7ox erk\u0259n maraq g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. \u0130patiya ki\u00e7ik ya\u015flar\u0131ndan h\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259 v\u0259 astronomiya sah\u0259sind\u0259 heyr\u0259tamiz u\u011furlar qazanaraq y\u00fcks\u0259k intellekti v\u0259 elmi qabiliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7ilir v\u0259 atas\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 \u00fcst\u0259l\u0259yir. \u0130patiyan\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259ti atas\u0131 Teonun \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tini k\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 qoyur v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri ondan \u201catas\u0131ndan daha istedadl\u0131 v\u0259 z\u0259rif\u201d dey\u0259 b\u0259hs edirdil\u0259r. \u0130patiyan\u0131n n\u00fcfuzu v\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259ti o q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck idi ki, Roma \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259r yerind\u0259n, Ki\u00e7ik Asiyan\u0131n uzaq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizi sahill\u0259rind\u0259n insanlar \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259y\u0259 onunla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259, astronomiya, riyaziyyat, haqq\u0131nda fikirl\u0259rini dinl\u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 onun yan\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn gedirdil\u0259r. M\u0259\u015fhur \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259 Kitabxanas\u0131nda xristianlar yan\u011f\u0131n t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259 \u0130patiya t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u0259n xilas olmu\u015f bir \u00e7ox qiym\u0259tli n\u0259\u015frl\u0259ri \u00f6z yolda\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 birg\u0259 b\u0259rpa etmi\u015f, \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fdir. Kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 \u0130patiyan\u0131n ad\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 qad\u0131nlar\u0131 siyah\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rusiyada ilk kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131n XII \u0259srin m\u0259\u015fhur maarifp\u0259rv\u0259ri,\u00a0 knyaginya Evfrosinya Polotskaya hesab olunur. Evfrosinya Rusiyan\u0131n \u0259sas kitabsaxlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri Polotsk M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Sofiya kils\u0259sinin kitabxanas\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. G\u0259nc qad\u0131n Polotsk yepiskopu \u0130lyan\u0131n icaz\u0259si il\u0259 M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Sofiya kils\u0259sind\u0259 kitablar\u0131n saxlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f otaqda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Evfrosinya bo\u015f vaxtlar\u0131n\u0131 dua etm\u0259kl\u0259 v\u0259 kitablar\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259kl\u0259 ke\u00e7irirdi. Onun \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc kitablar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si z\u0259ngin kils\u0259 v\u0259 monostrlara sat\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 onun ist\u0259yi il\u0259 ehtiyac sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 paylan\u0131rd\u0131. Evfrosinya \u015feir yaz\u0131r, yunan v\u0259 lat\u0131n dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259r edir, dualar haz\u0131rlay\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk qad\u0131n kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bizans \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhur tarix\u00e7isi \u201cAleksiad\u201d \u0259s\u0259rinin m\u00fc\u0259llifi Bizansl\u0131 \u015fahzad\u0259, alim, h\u0259kim Anna Komninan\u0131 da qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Anna\u00a0 Bizans \u0130mperatoru I Aleksin q\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat, ritorika v\u0259 s. elml\u0259r\u0259 dair m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Qapal\u0131 saray m\u00fchitind\u0259 yeti\u015fmi\u015f \u015fahzad\u0259nin t\u0259hsilind\u0259 anas\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259n\u0259si il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 orta \u0259sr aliml\u0259rind\u0259n Nikita Honiats\u0131n da t\u0259siri olmu\u015fdur. Anna x\u00fcsusi olaraq f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259y\u0259 maraq g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f v\u0259 kitablara olan mara\u011f\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn bilikl\u0259rin krali\u00e7as\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 Anadolunun m\u00fcxt\u0259lif vilay\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi \u0130stanbulda da kitabxanalar quran Sultanlar v\u0259 Valid\u0259 Sultanlar olmu\u015fdur. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 qad\u0131nlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qurulan kitabxanalar\u0131n t\u0259sis s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri (indiki qaydalar) ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kitabxanan\u0131n bir t\u0259\u015fkilat olaraq f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn ehtiyaclar\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kitabxanada i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k\u00a0 \u201cHaf\u0131z-\u0131 K\u00fct\u00fcp\u201d (m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar), katibl\u0259r, kitab\u00e7\u0131lar, cild ustalar\u0131 v\u0259 s. r\u00fcsumlar, \u00f6d\u0259nil\u0259c\u0259k \u0259m\u0259khaqq\u0131, t\u0259min edil\u0259c\u0259k sosial imkanlar \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilib. Osmanl\u0131 tarixind\u0259 9 qad\u0131n kitabxanas\u0131 m\u0259lumdur ki, onlar\u0131n qurucusu kimi Nurbanu Sultan (1582), \u0130smihan Sultan (1582), Turhan Sultan (1664), G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Sultan (1664), Salih\u0259 Sultan (1752) v\u0259 dig\u0259r sultanlar\u0131n ad\u0131 ke\u00e7ir. Bunlardan\u00a0 \u0130stanbulda ilk kitabxana quran qad\u0131n Nurbanu Sultan hesab olunur.<\/p>\n

Orta \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid qaynaqlardan soylu qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u00a0 v\u0259 orta sinifd\u0259n olan b\u0259zi qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7oxlu sayda \u0259lyazmas\u0131, ya da \u00e7ap \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 kitabxanalara sahib oldu\u011fu m\u0259lum olur. Anna-Mariya- Legar, 1300-1500 ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda Fransa v\u0259 Burqundiyadak\u0131 qaynaqlarda qad\u0131n kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar haqq\u0131nda ara\u015fd\u0131rma aparm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara \u0259sas\u0259n m\u0259lum olmu\u015fdur ki, kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131nlara\u00a0 aid XIV y\u00fczild\u0259 95, XV y\u00fczild\u0259 is\u0259 370 d\u0259n \u00e7ox m\u0259nb\u0259 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 S\u0259lcuqlar d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin paytaxt\u0131 Konya \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 bir \u00e7ox\u00a0 kitabxanalar\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi m\u0259lumdur. T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q tarixind\u0259 ilk kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131n Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatun say\u0131l\u0131r. Tarixi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Sirac\u0259ddin Urm\u0259vi n\u0259slind\u0259n B\u0259dr\u0259ddin Mahmudun z\u00f6vc\u0259si Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatun (XIII \u0259sr) Konyada Atabekiyy\u0259 M\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259si yax\u0131nlar\u0131nda qurdu\u011fu \u201cDar\u2019\u00fcl-Huffaz\u201d (Hafizlik m\u0259kt\u0259bi) yax\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir v\u0259qf kitabxanas\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatun burada\u00a0 ulu babas\u0131 Kad\u0131 Sirac\u0259ddin Urm\u0259vinin (…-1282)\u00a0 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini v\u0259 kitablar\u0131n\u0131 toplam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu hafizlik m\u0259kt\u0259bi bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Konya Q\u0131z Liseyinin yerind\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u018fli Gav Xanigah\u0131n\u0131n Q\u0259rbind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatunun ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitablar C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Yusifa\u011fa Kitabxanas\u0131na verilmi\u015fdir. Bu kitablardan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 20-25 n\u00fcsx\u0259si g\u0259lib \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatun kitabxanas\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f kitablar aras\u0131nda Kad\u0131 Sirac\u0259ddinin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u0259sl n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur. H\u0259r bir \u0259s\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 Kutlu M\u0259l\u0259k Xatun ad\u0131na d\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f v\u0259qf qeydi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

XVIII \u0259srd\u0259\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan olan X\u0259lis\u0259 qar\u0131n\u0131 ilk kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131n hesab etm\u0259k olar. X\u0259lis\u0259 qar\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn savadl\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131ndan olmu\u015f Hac\u0131 Bayram\u0131n ail\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015f, u\u015faq ya\u015flar\u0131ndan x\u00fcsusi istedad\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir. Kitaba sonsuz maraq b\u0259sl\u0259diyind\u0259n yax\u0131nlar\u0131 ona m\u00fcxt\u0259lif kitablar h\u0259diyy\u0259 etmi\u015f v\u0259 ya qiym\u0259tli \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin \u00fczl\u0259rini k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrtd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. X\u0259lis\u0259 17 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u0130stanbulda\u00a0 t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015f M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d adl\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259 ail\u0259 qurmu\u015fdur. \u018frinin savadl\u0131 v\u0259 alic\u0259nab olmas\u0131 onun kitabxanas\u0131n\u0131n daha da z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. X\u0259lis\u0259 qar\u0131 el \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na, xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259v\u0259s g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, \u00e7oxlu miqdarda xalq \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri toplam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 yaz\u0131ya alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Hal-haz\u0131rda AMEA \u018flyazmalar \u0130nstitutunda saxlan\u0131lan iki mind\u0259n \u00e7ox adda \u0259lyazma v\u0259 q\u0259dim \u00e7ap kitab\u0131, arxeoqrafik s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r \u2013 orta \u0259sr yaz\u0131l\u0131 abid\u0259l\u0259ri X\u0259lis\u0259 qar\u0131n\u0131n biz\u0259 qoyub getdiyi z\u0259ngin irsidir. X\u0259lis\u0259 qar\u0131 evind\u0259ki kitabxanan\u0131 sonralar ibtidai m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7evirmi\u015fdir. O, d\u0259rin biliyi v\u0259 v\u0259 n\u0259cib \u0259xlaqi keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015e\u0259ki \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259\u00a0 b\u00f6y\u00fck n\u00fcfuz qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn kitabxanalarda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si adi hal kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi kitabxana sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n r\u0259smi olaraq \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nadir hal idi.\u00a0 G\u0259nc xan\u0131mlar\u0131 kitabxanalarda k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 bel\u0259 az hallarda q\u0259bul edirdil\u0259r. Qad\u0131nlar yaln\u0131z Rusiyada deyil \u0259n qabaqc\u0131l Q\u0259rb \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bel\u0259 kitabxanalarda az yer tuturdular v\u0259 onlar\u00a0 pe\u015f\u0259kar kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 yaln\u0131z XIX \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

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Amerika Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015etatlar\u0131nda 1917-ci ild\u0259n se\u00e7ki h\u00fcququ h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131nlar m\u00f6vcud idi. Onu da qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, 1929-cu ild\u0259 Amerika Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015etatlar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan b\u00f6y\u00fck b\u00f6hranda Prezident Franklin Ruzveltl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r\u00a0 b\u00f6y\u00fck inki\u015faf planlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan \u201catl\u0131 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar\u201d\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 qad\u0131n idi. Bu qad\u0131nlar Kentu\u00e7ya \u0259yal\u0259tinin uzaq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259, da\u011flar\u0131na, qu\u015f u\u00e7maz, karvan ke\u00e7m\u0259z yerl\u0259rin\u0259 ill\u0259rl\u0259 kitab da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015flar. \u201cAtl\u0131 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar\u201d ideyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi is\u0259 Mey Stafford olmu\u015fdur. Kitabxana\u00e7\u0131-qad\u0131nlar (y\u0259ni \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar qad\u0131nlardan olurdu) f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 kitablar v\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fc m\u0259tbuat\u0131n \u0259n ucqar yerl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 kimi \u0259n aktual funksiyan\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, yeni bir proqram \u00fczr\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu proqram\u0131n \u0259n \u00fcmd\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259di: u\u00e7qar yerl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fayan sakinl\u0259rin v\u0259 onlar\u0131n \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131n sosialla\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k, onlar\u0131n savadl\u0131 olmas\u0131 v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 i\u015fsiz qalmamas\u0131 idi. N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0259rib\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259ns\u0259 d\u0259, ke\u00e7ilm\u0259z me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 da\u011f yamaclar\u0131n\u0131n oxucular\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyada ba\u015f ver\u0259n yenilikl\u0259rin\u0259 aid kitablar deyil, \u00e7ox sad\u0259, adi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u00f6vzusunda, kulinariya-m\u0259tb\u0259x kitab\u00e7alar\u0131 kimi, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 az m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 olan, f\u0259rqli h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n, ba\u015fqa al\u0259min q\u0259hr\u0259manlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 b\u0259dii \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r c\u0259lb edir, kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lardan bu s\u0259pkid\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat t\u0259l\u0259b edilirdi. 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 50000 ail\u0259y\u0259, 1937-ci ild\u0259 155 d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015fdir.\u00a0 1938-ci ilin sonunda 29 b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 atla xidm\u0259t ed\u0259n 274 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131 qad\u0131n var idi. \u201cAtl\u0131 kitabxana\u00e7\u0131lar\u201d proqram\u0131nda \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 1000 qad\u0131n\u0131 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

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Tarixin h\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 qad\u0131n v\u0259 ki\u015fi\u00a0 c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r iz qoymu\u015fdur. Lakin tarix yazanlar daha \u00e7ox ki\u015fil\u0259r oldu\u011fundan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259m\u0259yi k\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r\u00a0 qad\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 v\u0259 ail\u0259d\u0259 tutdu\u011fu yer, oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rola g\u00f6r\u0259 laz\u0131m\u0131 qiym\u0259tini almam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bir \u015e\u0259rq \u00f6lk\u0259si kimi Az\u0259rbaycanda da qad\u0131n h\u00fcquqi b\u0259rab\u0259rlik qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259tli tarixi m\u00fccadil\u0259 aparm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan qad\u0131n\u0131 is\u0259 yaln\u0131z kitabxanalarda deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha yax\u015f\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin in\u015fa edilm\u0259sinin t\u0259minat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0259yyar\u0259 M\u018fMM\u018fDOVA<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

AMEA M\u0259rk\u0259zi Elmi Kitabxana<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u018f\u015eHUR K\u0130TABXANA\u00c7I QADINLAR V\u018f QADIN K\u0130TABXANALARI – S\u0259yyar\u0259 M\u018fMM\u018fDOVA “\u0130NFONEWS” t\u0259qdim edir: TAR\u0130XD\u018f QALAN M\u018f\u015eHUR K\u0130TABXANA\u00c7I QADINLAR V\u018f QADIN K\u0130TABXANALARI \u201c8 mart \u2013 Beyn\u0259lxalq Qad\u0131nlar g\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk kitabxanalar\u0131n… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":41888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5373,4,11],"tags":[6183,15,13118,6184],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=41887"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41892,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41887\/revisions\/41892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/41888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=41887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=41887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=41887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}