{"id":44317,"date":"2024-05-27T15:04:59","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T11:04:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=44317"},"modified":"2024-05-27T15:04:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-27T11:04:59","slug":"iqlim-d%c9%99yisikliyinin-s%c9%99b%c9%99bl%c9%99ri-v%c9%99-t%c9%99sirl%c9%99ri-cop29-azerbaijan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=44317","title":{"rendered":"\u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259ri \u2013 COP29 Azerbaijan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259ri \u2013 COP29 Azerbaijan <\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0130NFONEWS”<\/strong><\/span><\/a> \u0259qdim edir:<\/p>\n

\u0130QL\u0130M D\u018fY\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130Y\u0130N\u0130N S\u018fB\u018fBL\u018fR\u0130 V\u018f T\u018fS\u0130RL\u018fR\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi, d\u00fcnya \u0259hali v\u0259 ekosisteml\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n ciddi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. \u0130qlim sisteminin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda insan t\u0259siri, atmosferd\u0259 CO2 konsentrasiyas\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, n\u0259qliyyat v\u0259 s. daxildir. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r, d\u00fcnya iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131, ekosisteml\u0259ri, insan sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 sosial stabilliyi d\u0259yi\u015fdirir. Tarixi rekord s\u0131cag\u0306l\u0131qlar, buzullar\u0131n q\u0259tli, quruq, \u015fidd\u0259tli f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, sel, qidalanma t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259ri kimi ekstrem hadis\u0259l\u0259r d\u00fcnyan\u0131n daxilind\u0259 v\u0259 xaricind\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir. <\/em>Bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259 v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259\u015fkilatlar, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn siyasi t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Lakin, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259ll edilm\u0259si geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131 bir \u00e7aba t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Ye\u015fil enerji istifad\u0259si, karbon emisiyalar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 ekosisteml\u0259rin qorunmas\u0131 kimi t\u0259dbirl\u0259r bu prosesd\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynaya bil\u0259r. <\/em>N\u0259tic\u0259 olaraq, iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi d\u00fcnya \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan bir fenomendir. \u0130qtisadi, ekoloji v\u0259 sosial sah\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olsa da, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131, t\u0259\u015fkilatl\u0131 bir \u00e7aba t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131 narahat ed\u0259n qlobal probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ridir. \u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri v\u0259 onlar\u0131n canl\u0131 al\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259siri d\u00fcnya birliyini getdikc\u0259 daha \u00e7ox narahat etm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Qeyri-sabit hava \u015f\u0259raiti t\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycanda deyil d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir s\u0131ra \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 hiss olunmaqda v\u0259 probleml\u0259r yaratmaqdad\u0131r. Bu probleml\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259tin artmas\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc bir s\u0131ra beyn\u0259lxalq t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n elmi v\u0259 praktiki konfranslar\u0131n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u0130qlim D\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 H\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259tl\u0259raras\u0131 Ekspertl\u0259r qrupunun son qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 hesabat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 son 100 ild\u0259 Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 orta temperatur 0,8 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 art\u0131b. Temperaturun artmas\u0131 is\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n antropogen amill\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Antropogen amill\u0259rin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 istilik effekti yaradan qazlar: karbon, metan, azot oksidi, azot 1 oksid v\u0259 xlor-f\u00fclor birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Son 100 illik kosmik m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, tufanlar\u0131n, \u00e7ov\u011funlar\u0131n h\u0259m intensivliyi, h\u0259m d\u0259 tezliyi art\u0131b. \u0130sti k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259r, qas\u0131r\u011falar, ya\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar g\u00fccl\u0259nib. Eyni zamanda, sel, da\u015fq\u0131n hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin d\u0259 say\u0131 art\u0131b. Okean\u0131n s\u0259thi \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r 1000 metr d\u0259rinliy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0131z\u0131rd\u0131sa, art\u0131q q\u0131zma 2000 metr d\u0259rinliy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7at\u0131r. Bu da isti ax\u0131nlar\u0131n daha da q\u0131zmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Y\u0259ni b\u00fct\u00fcn bu t\u0259bii f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259rin art\u0131m\u0131nda \u0259sas amil iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n

\u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi<\/strong>\u00a0h\u0259m insanlardan qaynaqlanan emissiyan\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259b oldu\u011fu istixana qazlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi qlobal istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259ni, h\u0259m d\u0259 bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 hava modell\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir. \u018fvv\u0259lki d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fi\u0259ri olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, 20-ci \u0259srin ortalar\u0131ndan b\u0259ri insanlar Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin iqlim sistemin\u0259 misli g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f v\u0259 qlobal miqyasda d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

Aerozollar v\u0259 Buludlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Havan\u0131n aerozollar formas\u0131nda \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si insan sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7iynin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir y\u00fck qoymaqla b\u0259rab\u0259r, eyni zamanda, iqlim\u0259 d\u0259 geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. 1961-ci ild\u0259n 1990-c\u0131 il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Yerin s\u0259thin\u0259 \u00e7atan g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n miqdar\u0131nda t\u0259dric\u0259n azalma m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olundu; bu, qlobal qa<\/em>r<\/em>anl\u0131qla\u015fma<\/em> olaraq tan\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n bioyanacaqdan v\u0259 t\u0259bii yaranaca\u011f\u0131n yanmas\u0131ndan qaynaqlanan aerozollara aid edilir. Ya\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 aerozollar t\u0259mizl\u0259nir v\u0259 troposfer aerozollar\u0131n\u0131n atmosfer h\u0259yat\u0131 bir h\u0259ft\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kir; buna baxmayaraq, stratosfer aerozollar\u0131 atmosferd\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il qala bilir. Aerozollar 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259n b\u0259ri qlobal olaraq azalmaqdad\u0131r, bu da o dem\u0259kdir ki, onlar istixana qaz\u0131 istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini \u0259vv\u0259l oldu\u011fu q\u0259d\u0259r gizl\u0259tmirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 Karbon b\u00fcdc\u0259si<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 iqlim fidb\u0259kl\u0259rinin g\u00fccl\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 istixana qazlar\u0131n\u0131n emissiyalar\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130qlim fidb\u0259kl\u0259rinin g\u00fcc\u00fc \u0259sas\u0259n elmi m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirdiyi m\u00fcxt\u0259lif iqlim modell\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130qlim modeli iqlim sistemin\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n fiziki, kimy\u0259vi v\u0259 bioloji prosesl\u0259rin reprezentasiyas\u0131d\u0131r. Modell\u0259r eyni zamanda Yerin orbitind\u0259ki d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri, g\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259ki tarixi d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri v\u0259 vulkanik t\u0259sir q\u00fcvv\u0259sini d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ehtiva edir. Komp\u00fcter modell\u0259ri okeanlar\u0131n sirkulyasiyan\u0131, f\u0259sill\u0259rin illik d\u00f6vr\u0259sini v\u0259 quru s\u0259th il\u0259 atmosfer aras\u0131ndak\u0131 karbon ax\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa v\u0259 yenid\u0259n \u0259rs\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Modell\u0259r istixana qazlar\u0131n\u0131n emissiyalar\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259k m\u00fcxt\u0259lif temperatur art\u0131mlar\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr; onlar ad\u0259t\u0259n iqlim h\u0259ssasl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veril\u0259n f\u0259rqli fidb\u0259kl\u0259rin g\u00fccl\u0259ri v\u0259 iqlim sisteminin inersiyas\u0131n\u0131n maqnitudas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259lmirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Cavab reaksiyalar\u0131: Mitiqasiya v\u0259 Adaptasiya<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mitiqasiya<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130DHP b\u0259zi geriqaytar\u0131lmaz t\u0259sirl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn inqilabdan \u0259vv\u0259lki s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 qlobal istiliyi 1,5 \u00b0C-d\u0259n (2.7 \u00b0F) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da saxlama\u011f\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini vur\u011fulay\u0131r. \u0130stixana qaz\u0131 emissiyalar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaq v\u0259 istixana qazlar\u0131n\u0131 atmosferd\u0259n t\u0259mizl\u0259y\u0259n uducular\u0131 art\u0131rmaq yolu il\u0259 iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyinin t\u0259sirl\u0259rini y\u00fcng\u00fcll\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u0130DHP-nin hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, qlobal istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259ni u\u011furla 1,5 \u00b0C-d\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, qlobal istixana qaz\u0131 emissiyalar\u0131n\u0131n 2050-ci v\u0259 ya 2070-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r 2 \u00b0C h\u0259d\u0259f il\u0259 tam s\u0131f\u0131ra endirilm\u0259yi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu da \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 enerjid\u0259, quru \u0259razid\u0259, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, n\u0259qliyyatda, binalarda v\u0259 s\u0259nayed\u0259 geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131, sistemli d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Adaptasiya<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adaptasiya “iqlimd\u0259ki haz\u0131rk\u0131 v\u0259 ya g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n t\u0259sirl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fma prosesi”dir. \u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi regionlar \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259ndiyi kimi, adaptasiya strategiyalar\u0131 da d\u0259yi\u015fir. Bel\u0259 ki, b\u0259zi adaptasiyalar d\u0259yi\u015f-toqqu\u015f t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyi halda, dig\u0259rl\u0259ri sinerji v\u0259 ortaq- faydalar da g\u0259tirir. Kondisionerl\u0259rin istifad\u0259sind\u0259ki art\u0131m insanlara istiliyin \u00f6ht\u0259sind\u0259n daha yax\u015f\u0131 g\u0259lm\u0259k imkan\u0131 verir, eyni zamanda enerji t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 da art\u0131r\u0131r. Adaptasiyan\u0131n dig\u0259r n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirilmi\u015f sahil qorunmas\u0131, f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r zaman\u0131 daha yax\u015f\u0131 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin t\u0259\u015fkili, k\u00f6m\u0259kli m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik (bitkil\u0259rin v\u0259 heyvan ba\u015fqa ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f sah\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si) v\u0259 daha dayan\u0131ql\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 aiddir.<\/p>\n

Beyn\u0259lxalq iqlim raz\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r 1994-c\u00fc il Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f D\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r \u0130qlim D\u0259yi\u015fikliyi \u00c7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259 Konvensiyas\u0131n\u0131n (BD\u0130D\u00c7K) i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. BD\u0130D\u00c7K-nin m\u0259qs\u0259di insanlar\u0131n iqlim sistemin\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaqd\u0131r. Konvensiyada qeyd olundu\u011fu kimi, bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn atmosferd\u0259 olan istixana qaz\u0131 konsentrasiyalar\u0131n\u0131n ekosisteml\u0259rin iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyin\u0259 t\u0259bii formada uy\u011funla\u015fa bil\u0259c\u0259yi, qida istehsal\u0131na t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 yaratmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 davaml\u0131 iqtisadi inki\u015fafa imkan ver\u0259n bir s\u0259viyy\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirilm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. BD\u0130D\u00c7K-n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan b\u0259ri qlobal emissiyalar daha da artm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r; \u0259slind\u0259, bu konvensiya emissiyalar\u0131 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131r, sad\u0259c\u0259 bunu h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259n protokollar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259 yarad\u0131r. \u0130llik konfranslar qlobal m\u00fczakir\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

Nihad \u015e\u0130X\u018fL\u0130YEV,<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0130qtisad Universiteti (UNEC)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c<\/strong>\u0130qtisadiyyat v\u0259 \u0130dar\u0259etm\u0259<\/strong>\u201c<\/strong> fak\u00fclt\u0259si, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259ri \u2013 COP29 Azerbaijan “\u0130NFONEWS” \u0259qdim edir: \u0130QL\u0130M D\u018fY\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130Y\u0130N\u0130N S\u018fB\u018fBL\u018fR\u0130 V\u018f T\u018fS\u0130RL\u018fR\u0130 \u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi, d\u00fcnya \u0259hali v\u0259 ekosisteml\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n ciddi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. \u0130qlim sisteminin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sinin… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":44306,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12819,11,3],"tags":[11865,47,15,13701],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44317"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44317"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44318,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44317\/revisions\/44318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/44306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}