{"id":44485,"date":"2024-06-06T09:22:29","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T05:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=44485"},"modified":"2024-06-06T09:23:29","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T05:23:29","slug":"seherlerin-yasillasdirilmasi-problemi-ilham-qulamhuseynov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=44485","title":{"rendered":"\u015e\u018fH\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130N YA\u015eILLA\u015eDIRILMASI PROBLEM\u0130 – \u0130lham Qulamh\u00fcseynov"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015e\u018fH\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130N YA\u015eILLA\u015eDIRILMASI PROBLEM\u0130 – \u0130lham Qulamh\u00fcseynov<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0130NFONEWS”<\/strong><\/span><\/a> t\u0259qdim edir:<\/p>\n

\u015e\u018fH\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130N YA\u015eILLA\u015eDIRILMASI PROBLEM\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n vacib hiss\u0259si m\u0259hz \u015f\u0259h\u0259r h\u0259yat\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f keyfiyy\u0259tinin qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259ki ya\u015f\u0131l sah\u0259l\u0259rin qorunmas\u0131 v\u0259 parklar\u0131n qorunmas\u0131 vacibdir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin ya\u015f\u0131lla\u015fma probleminin artmas\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n problemli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 \u0259n z\u0259r\u0259rli t\u0259sir \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas amill\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir:<\/p>\n

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  1. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r m\u00fchitinin kompleks t\u0259siri<\/li>\n
  2. Havan\u0131n v\u0259 torpa\u011f\u0131n \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si<\/li>\n
  3. Rekreasiya y\u00fckl\u0259ri (tapdalamaq, yan\u011f\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si yaratmaq, fiziki m\u0259hv olmaq v\u0259 s.).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259ki bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 onun ki\u00e7ik massivl\u0259ri, k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti hiss\u0259l\u0259ri boyunca \u0259kildiyind\u0259n bu bitkil\u0259r bir s\u0131ra neqativ amill\u0259r kompleksin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r – fiziki g\u0259rginlik v\u0259 elektromaqnit \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sirind\u0259n yaranan su-hava v\u0259 temperatur rejiml\u0259rinin pozulmas\u0131, torpa\u011f\u0131n radiasiya, qur\u011fu\u015fun v\u0259 dig\u0259r madd\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si, qida madd\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259si vasit\u0259sil\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi me\u015f\u0259d\u0259 c\u00f6k\u0259 a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131 300-400 il\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 halda, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r parklar\u0131nda bu bitkil\u0259r c\u0259mi 125-150 il, bulvar v\u0259 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 50-60 ya\u015faya bilir, m\u00fcvafiq olaraq g\u00f6yr\u00fc\u015f a\u011faclar\u0131da t\u0259bii m\u00fchitd\u0259 250-300 il, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r parklar\u0131nda\u00a0 60-80 il v\u0259 bulvar v\u0259 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259\u00a0 40-50 il ya\u015faya bilir.<\/p>\n

    \u015e\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin (x\u00fcsusil\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin) ya\u015f\u0131lla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm problemdir.<\/p>\n

    Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq, bitkil\u0259rin maksimum\u00a0 sa\u011f qalmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fidinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn se\u00e7ilm\u0259si, \u0259kinl\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259tl\u0259 qulluq v\u0259 onlar\u0131n etibarl\u0131 qorunmas\u0131 eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 vacibdir.<\/p>\n

    T\u0259bii me\u015f\u0259nin \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u00fchitin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tindir. Bu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 vaxt\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l m\u0259hv olan iyn\u0259yarpaql\u0131 a\u011faclara \u00a0aiddir. D\u00f6vl\u0259t rayon elektrik stansiyalar\u0131n\u0131n, metallurgiya v\u0259 ya kimya zavodlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259naye m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259traf m\u00fchit\u0259 at\u0131lan z\u0259r\u0259rli tullant\u0131lar \u0259traf\u0131nda 6-8, h\u0259tta 10 km radiusda olan bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn tamamil\u0259 m\u0259hv olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259hv olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bi onlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, tarla, \u00e7ay k\u0259nalr\u0131nda, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r daxilind\u0259 v\u0259 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin k\u00fcl\u0259k tutarlar\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirim\u0259sidir. Bitkil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusil\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rli olan k\u00fck\u00fcrd dioksidin t\u0259siridir ki, bu da stomata vasit\u0259sil\u0259 yarpaqlara n\u00fcfuz ed\u0259r\u0259k xlorofilin bir hiss\u0259si olan d\u0259mir il\u0259 reaksiya girir. Bu qaz onlar\u0131n katalitik f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini pozur, sonra is\u0259 xlorofilin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131na v\u0259 h\u00fcceyr\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.\u00a0 Bu proses parlaq G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcks\u0259k r\u00fctub\u0259t v\u0259 dig\u0259r amll\u0259rl\u0259, ya\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ox olan bitkil\u0259rd\u0259 daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t k\u00fck\u00fcrd dioksid t\u0259sirin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalan, pal\u0131d, \u015fam v\u0259 a\u011fcaqay\u0131n a\u011faclar\u0131nda m\u0259hv olma prosesi ba\u015flay\u0131r. Sanitar m\u00fchafiz\u0259 zonalar\u0131 daxilind\u0259 z\u0259ruri planla\u015fd\u0131rma t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Eldar v\u0259 qara \u015fam, Amerika a\u011fcaqay\u0131nlar\u0131 bu qaz\u0131 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 m\u0259nims\u0259yir, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri s\u0259naye tullant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qur\u011fular\u0131n qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, toz v\u0259 qaza davaml\u0131 a\u011fac v\u0259 kollar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fidinin se\u00e7ilm\u0259sidir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r sakinl\u0259rinin k\u00fctl\u0259vi istirah\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlardan istifad\u0259 \u0259kinl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

    Rekraesiya v\u0259 turizm ehtiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0inki\u015faf\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck ekoloji probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131r. \u0130lk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259, land\u015faftda y\u00fckl\u0259rin xroniki art\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131, yan\u011f\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259rinin ba\u015f verm\u0259si, habel\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin floras\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin fiziki m\u0259hv edilm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li \u00e7oxlu sayda ekoloji probleml\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Me\u015f\u0259 sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n 3-4 il intensiv istifad\u0259 edildikd\u0259n sonra onlar\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n az\u0131 5-6 il vaxt laz\u0131m olur. H\u0259r hektarda 100 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7ox s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7i s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259, me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259bii b\u0259rpas\u0131 tamamil\u0259 pozulur. Me\u015f\u0259 yan\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n 99%-nin s\u0259b\u0259bi insanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7oxlu sayda f\u0259rdi n\u0259qliyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin, me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin, \u00e7aylar\u0131n v\u0259 su anbarlar\u0131n\u0131n sahill\u0259rin\u0259 nizams\u0131z daxil olmas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 yarad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fchafiz\u0259si, t\u0259kc\u0259 onlar\u0131n da\u015f\u0131ma qabiliyy\u0259tini art\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fch\u0259ndis t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri deyil, \u0259sas t\u0259dbirl\u0259r \u00a0me\u015f\u0259nin n\u00f6v t\u0259rkibini, ekoloji v\u0259 estetik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn me\u015f\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndisliyi t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri, m\u00fcvafiq qanuni \u0259sas\u0131 olan m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n me\u015f\u0259 sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 ba\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k, h\u0259m d\u0259 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fchafiz\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcvafiq rejiml\u0259rin t\u0259tbiqi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u015e\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259traf\u0131nda \u00a0m\u0259skunla\u015fma sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259t aras\u0131nda \u0259laq\u0259 prinsipl\u0259ri:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 ciddi m\u00fchafiz\u0259 olunan \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259t qoruqlar\u0131nda, x\u00fcsusi hallar istisna olmaqla, urbanizasiyadan t\u0259bii m\u00fchit\u0259 k\u0259skin ke\u00e7id olmamal\u0131d\u0131r,<\/li>\n
    • \u0259halinin s\u0131x m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi istirah\u0259t yerl\u0259ri \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 antropogen t\u0259sirl\u0259ri t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 n\u0259inki m\u00fcxt\u0259lif, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ndislik bax\u0131m\u0131ndan yax\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f t\u0259dbirl\u0259r plan\u0131 olunmal\u0131d\u0131r,<\/li>\n
    • me\u015f\u0259 parklar\u0131, su anbarlar\u0131, idman qur\u011fular\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r olmal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n
    • \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 istirah\u0259t, idman v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259ti m\u00fchafiz\u0259 maarifl\u0259ndirici f\u0259aliyy\u0259t funksiyalar\u0131 il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259lidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Proqressiv s\u0259nayel\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 urbanizasiya heyvanlar al\u0259minin m\u0259hv olmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. Heyvanat al\u0259minin azalmas\u0131 v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yerl\u0259rinin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si, \u0259traf m\u00fchitin pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \u015e\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, meqapolisl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u00f6v v\u0259h\u015fi heyvanlar\u0131n v\u0259 qu\u015flar\u0131n n\u00f6vl\u0259ri (\u0259n ali n\u00f6vl\u0259r bel\u0259) ya\u015fay\u0131r. Bu heyvanlar zooloji ba\u011flar\u0131n, t\u0259bi\u0259t gu\u015f\u0259l\u0259rinin, parklar\u0131n canl\u0131 eksponatlar\u0131d\u0131r. Dekorativ funksiyas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 parklarda, ba\u011flarda \u00e7ox nadir canl\u0131lar kimi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir n\u00f6v, populyasiya olaraq canl\u0131 al\u0259min \u00fczv\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      \u015e\u0259h\u0259r m\u00fchiti ekosisteml\u0259rinin qorunmas\u0131 t\u0259bii m\u00fchit ekosisteml\u0259rin qorunmas\u0131na uy\u011fun deyil. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r m\u00fchiti t\u0259bii m\u00fchitd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq, ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 n\u00f6vl\u0259rin v\u0259 populyasiyalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hvin\u0259, onlar\u0131 uy\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yerl\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259hrum etm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 insan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n\u00a0 m\u0259hv olan t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n

      Bizim d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 qu\u015flar\u0131n faunas\u0131na iki \u0259sas amil t\u0259sir edir: urbanizasiya v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yerl\u0259rinin pestisidl\u0259rl\u0259 z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259nm\u0259si. Birinci amilin t\u0259siri geni\u015f m\u0259kanlarda, dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn planetd\u0259 hiss olunur. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rsalman\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 daha \u00e7ox lokal xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r, lakin buna baxmayaraq, urbanizasiya prosesl\u0259rinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lifliyi v\u0259 onlar\u0131n artan intensivliyi s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n faunada kardinal d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131l sah\u0259l\u0259ri z\u0259r\u0259rvericil\u0259rd\u0259n qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 iki amild\u0259n urbanizasiya v\u0259 pestisidl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259, t\u0259miz m\u00fchit\u0259 yax\u0131n \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \u0130lham Qulamh\u00fcseynov,<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

      Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0130qtisad Universiteti, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n

      UNEC TEC s\u0259dr m\u00fcavini<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u015e\u018fH\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130N YA\u015eILLA\u015eDIRILMASI PROBLEM\u0130 – \u0130lham Qulamh\u00fcseynov “\u0130NFONEWS” t\u0259qdim edir: \u015e\u018fH\u018fRL\u018fR\u0130N YA\u015eILLA\u015eDIRILMASI PROBLEM\u0130 M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n vacib hiss\u0259si m\u0259hz \u015f\u0259h\u0259r h\u0259yat\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f keyfiyy\u0259tinin qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259ki… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":44488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12819,4,11,3],"tags":[11865,13496,15,394],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44485"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44485"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44487,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44485\/revisions\/44487"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/44488"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}