{"id":45235,"date":"2024-07-23T11:56:04","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T07:56:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=45235"},"modified":"2024-07-23T12:00:26","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T08:00:26","slug":"milli-m%c9%99tbuatinin-yaranmasinda-muhum-rol-oynayan-3-s%c9%99xs-v%c9%99-ekincinin-baglanma-s%c9%99b%c9%99bi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/?p=45235","title":{"rendered":"Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynayan 3 \u015f\u0259xs v\u0259 “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin ba\u011flanma s\u0259b\u0259bi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynayan 3 \u015f\u0259xs v\u0259 “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin ba\u011flanma s\u0259b\u0259bi <\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0130NFONEWS”<\/strong> <\/span><\/a>t\u0259qdim edir.<\/p>\n

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Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynayan 3 \u015f\u0259xs<\/strong><\/div>\n
“\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin ba\u011flanma s\u0259b\u0259bi<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Az\u0259rbaycanda “\u018fkin\u00e7i”y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ANA dilind\u0259 m\u0259tbu orqan\u0131 yox idi. Odur ki, 1875-ci il iyulun 22-d\u0259 ilk “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin say\u0131 \u00e7ap olundu\u011fu g\u00fcn milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulur.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Q\u0259zetin yaranmas\u0131nda H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 n\u0259f\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259st\u0259k olur:<\/div>\n
Birinci, Qafqazda Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 q\u0259zetin n\u0259\u015fr edilm\u0259si ideyas\u0131 v\u0259 ilk t\u0259klif ed\u0259n 1831-1837-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131n s\u0259rdar\u0131 olan, alman \u0259silli Qriqori Vladimirovi\u00e7 Rozen<\/strong> olub. M\u0259hz O, “Tatar x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri” q\u0259zetinin t\u0259sis edilm\u0259si il\u0259 bag\u0306l\u0131 1831 -ci ild\u0259 Xalq T\u0259hsil naziri, knyaz Karl Liven\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, daxili v\u0259 xarici is\u0327l\u0259r nazirlikl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259ktublar go\u0308nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, Zaqafqaziyada, xu\u0308susil\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda yas\u0327ayan mu\u0308s\u0259lmanlar u\u0308c\u0327u\u0308n tu\u0308rk-tatar dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet t\u0259sisin\u0259 ciddi ehtiyac var. Baron Rozen 1831\u20131837-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131n s\u0259rdar\u0131 olub.<\/div>\n
\u0130kinci, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi ilk Az\u0259rbaycan dilli q\u0259zet n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Bak\u0131da bir ne\u00e7\u0259 milyon\u00e7uya m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir. Hac\u0131 Zeynalabdin Ta\u011f\u0131yev, Musa Na\u011f\u0131yev, Murtuza Muxtarov, \u015e\u0259msi \u018fs\u0259dullayev v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri ona pul vermirl\u0259r. S\u0259b\u0259b kimi d\u0259 Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n Ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 idi. Hac\u0131 Zeynalabdin Ta\u011f\u0131yev iki erm\u0259ni q\u0259zeti, bir rus dilli, Hindistanda n\u0259\u015fr olunan q\u0259zet\u0259 ayl\u0131q pul verirdi, amma Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet\u0259 maliyy\u0259 ay\u0131rmaq ist\u0259m\u0259di. Musa Na\u011f\u0131yevin i\u015fl\u0259r m\u00fcdiri he\u00e7 Z\u0259rdabini q\u0259bul el\u0259m\u0259di. \u015e\u0259msi \u018fs\u0259dullayev g\u0259mil\u0259rinin borcu oldu\u011funu b\u0259han\u0259 el\u0259di.<\/div>\n
Z\u0259rdabinin k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 Abdulla Bak\u0131xanov<\/strong> g\u0259ldi. Rusiya imperator ordusunun general-mayoru, Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 maarif\u00e7isi Abbasqulu a\u011fa Bak\u0131xanovun ata bir, ana ayr\u0131 qarda\u015f\u0131 olan Abdulla Bak\u0131xanov 10 min q\u0259zet\u0259 maliyy\u0259 ay\u0131rd\u0131. Bu 10 min i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 Z\u0259rdabi d\u00f6rd d\u0259f\u0259 \u0130stanbula s\u0259f\u0259r edib m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259zeti \u00e7ap etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015firift (h\u0259rfl\u0259r ) almaq, q\u0259zetin d\u00f6rd n\u00f6mr\u0259sinin \u00e7ap\u0131 v\u0259 yerli m\u0259murlara r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t verib q\u0259zetin \u00e7ap\u0131na raz\u0131l\u0131q almaq daxil idi. Q\u0259zet \u00e7apa izn veril\u0259n g\u00fcn\u00fc Abdulla Bak\u0131xanov Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 yaz\u0131r ki, n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r pul laz\u0131md\u0131r \u0259lav\u0259 verm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rd\u0131, t\u0259ki ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet dayanmas\u0131n v\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259sin. Ana dilind\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259zetin \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ox vacib hesab ed\u0259n Abdulla Bak\u0131xanov \u00f6z \u015f\u0259xsi tan\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u0259 q\u0259zetin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 izn alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc, Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 ilk q\u0259zet n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 7 illik m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259n sonra onun icaz\u0259sini ala bilir. \u018fslind\u0259 q\u0259zetin ad\u0131 “\u018fkin\u00e7i” olmayacaq idi. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 variant var idi, amma Z\u0259rdabinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259 q\u0259zetin ad\u0131 bel\u0259 olmal\u0131 idi “Qafqazda t\u00fcrk q\u0259zet\u0259si” yaxud da “Qafqazda tatar q\u0259zet\u0259si”. Amma Bak\u0131n\u0131n qubernatoru, general-mayor D.S.Staroselski il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259nd\u0259n sonra ona q\u0259zet n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259y\u0259 bir halda icaz\u0259 verirl\u0259r: Q\u0259zet \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d (\u201c\u041f\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u201d) adlanacaqd\u0131r v\u0259 m\u0259hz \u0259kin v\u0259 zira\u0259td\u0259n dan\u0131\u015facaq. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, q\u0259zetin ad\u0131n\u0131 Bak\u0131n\u0131n qubernatoru, general-mayor Dmitri Staroselski<\/strong> qoyur v\u0259 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan dilli q\u0259zet olur.<\/div>\n
Q\u0259zetin yaranmas\u0131, \u0259sas\u0259n, q\u0259zetin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 icaz\u0259 ver\u0259n Bak\u0131 general-qubernatoru Dmitri Staroselskinin himay\u0259si say\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015fdur. Qubernator H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yl\u0259, arvad\u0131 g\u00fcrc\u00fc Yekaterina Qurama\u015fvili il\u0259 Z\u0259rdabinin arvad\u0131 H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131mla dost idi. Staroselski H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin layih\u0259sini qism\u0259n maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirdi.<\/div>\n
\u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259, “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin c\u0259mi 100 abun\u0259\u00e7isi var idi, abun\u0259 qiym\u0259ti 3 rubl olan q\u0259zet ayda 300 rubl pul g\u0259tiridi. Qubernator Staroselski k\u0259nd dair\u0259si polis m\u0259murlar\u0131na q\u0259zet\u0259 abun\u0259 olma\u011fa m\u0259cbur edilm\u0259sini \u0259mr etdi v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259, daha 300 abun\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 daha 900 rubl g\u0259lir g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131 q\u0259zet. Bundan ba\u015fqa, insanlar\u0131n q\u0259zet oxumaq v\u0259rdi\u015fin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 500-\u0259 yax\u0131n n\u00fcsx\u0259 pulsuz payland\u0131 onun say\u0259sind\u0259. Staroselski deyirdi:<\/div>\n
“N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ki, m\u0259n Bak\u0131n\u0131n qubernatoruyam, h\u0259r il m\u00fcs\u0259lman xeyriyy\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 y\u00fcz rubl ian\u0259 verm\u0259k m\u0259nim borcumdur”<\/div>\n
Lakin general Staroselski Bak\u0131dan geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lan kimi q\u0259zet b\u00f6y\u00fck maliyy\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinliyi ya\u015fad\u0131. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y q\u0259zeti ayda 2 d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xara bil\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 inan\u0131rd\u0131, lakin ilin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sonunda z\u0259r\u0259r 500 rubl t\u0259\u015fkil etdi. Sonralar abun\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin say\u0131 art\u0131q 600 n\u0259f\u0259r olub v\u0259 q\u0259zet h\u0259r h\u0259ft\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b. \u0130lin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259yin itkisi art\u0131q 1000 rubl t\u0259\u015fkil etdi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ild\u0259 abun\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin say\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 azalma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Yeni qubernator h\u0259m q\u0259zet\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 Z\u0259rdabiy\u0259 xo\u015f m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259mirdi v\u0259 1877-ci ilin sentyabr\u0131nda q\u0259zet ba\u011flanmal\u0131 oldu.<\/div>\n
\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin c\u0259mi 56 n\u00f6mr\u0259si i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/div>\n
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Zaur \u018fL\u0130YEV<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em>, dosent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynayan 3 \u015f\u0259xs v\u0259 “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin ba\u011flanma s\u0259b\u0259bi “\u0130NFONEWS” t\u0259qdim edir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Milli M\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynayan 3 \u015f\u0259xs “\u018fkin\u00e7i”nin ba\u011flanma s\u0259b\u0259bi Az\u0259rbaycanda “\u018fkin\u00e7i”y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":45239,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5373,4,11],"tags":[13983,6305,15,11956],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45235"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45235"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45238,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45235\/revisions\/45238"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infonews.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}